Alexander the Great Summary 16 - 861 Words

Alexander the Great Alexander the Great was the king of Macedonia, conqueror of the Persian Empire, and one of the greatest military geniuses of all times. Even at an early age, Alexander had the promise to become a great leader. Through all his victories and conquests, he has become a great hero and has had a large impact on history. That is why I chose he book Alexander the Great, by J.R. Hamilton for my review. Hamilton does a very good job with the story of Alexander the Great. The book begins by talking about the Macedonian homeland and the make up of the people, their culture. Alexander was born in 356 BC in Pella, the ancient capital of Macedonia he was the son of Philip II, king of Macedonia, and of Olympias, a princess of†¦show more content†¦In June he contracted a fever and died. He left his empire, in his own words, to the strongest; this uncertain testament resulted in huge conflicts for half a century. Hamilton believes that this could have possible been Alexanders greatest mist ake, because his empire then falls apart. Though all of his conquest Hamilton talks about how well, if not planned that the Hellenistic culture was spread. Alexander was one of the greatest generals of all time, which was why I was interested in this book in the first place. I really enjoyed reading this book because it used great detail and talked about other important things in Alexanders life then what everyone knows him for. Hamilton reaches the reader by using such great description, and you actually can visualize what you are reading. You think you can see what the people look like or even see the battlefield. Hamilton also does a good job of breaking down each section so that everything isnt just thrown into a huge mess. However, sometimes in the book I found somethings and words hard to understand and Hamilton also got confusing once in awhile. 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A Report On The Work Experience And Life Of Apple Essay

CONTENT 1. Acknowledgment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 2. Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 3. Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4. History of Apple†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4.1.Macbook†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4.2. NeXT†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4.3. NeXT and Apple†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4.4. ipod 4.5. ipad†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation to everyone who gave me the possibility to complete this report. A special thanks to our course coordinator, Mr. Waseem, whose help, suggestions and encouragement, helped me to make my report. I would also like to thank the MIT library for letting me use their books and other facilities to make this report. I would also like to thanks all my acquaintances who use their apple devices and gave their views. ABSTRACT As we jumped into the Century of technology, I described the most luxurious and high-tech company, APPLE. In this report I mentioned the history of this company how it established and came into play. From the life of Steve Jobs to the features in latest apple gadgets is given in this report. The work experience and life of Apple has been mentioned in this report. From the rise of apple to its trend today, this company launched many gadgets with their latest versions till today. Each gadget has its own different specifications which have been described briefly in this report in very userShow MoreRelatedEssay on Apple Computer and Long-Term Success1570 Words   |  7 Pagestechnology revolution and in 1976 started Apple Computers (Abdelsamad et al., 2008). The combination of their charisma and intellect enabled them to design the Apple I computer. Today, Apple is one of the leading technology companies in the world. However, internal factors such as Apple’s unclear marketing plan, employee work life negligence, and financial-legal issues have negatively affected their performance and sullied their corporate reputation. Apple worked to correct the issues that were detractingRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility and Apples Business Practices1711 Words   |  7 PagesApple and CSR Apple Inc. was established in 1976 with the launch of Apple I in April 1976. The creators, Steve Job and Steve Wozniak, transformed the entire consumer interactive experience between the user and the computer by being the pioneers in this field. For two decades, Apple Inc ruled the computer manufacturing frontier for two decades. However, it did face low sales and market share in the 1990s. Steve Jobs had left the firm in the 1980s and returned in 1996 as the Chief Executive OfficerRead MoreEffective Leadership Skills Showed By Steve Jobs1293 Words   |  6 PagesExecutive Summary This report will be focused on the effective leadership skills showed by Steve Jobs over a supported timeframe and the turnaround that Apple had experienced under his vision and orders. Steve Jobs played a very important role in leadership that led Apple from a company, which was founded in a car-garage to a great Macintosh Pcs, iPod, iPhone and iPad. The report will additionally break down and look at the key administrative and initiative abilities that Steve Jobs aced that promptedRead MoreCalling Apple, Inc. to Take Action on Human Trafficking Essay1297 Words   |  6 Pageslarge number of institutions, like governments, special interest group, NGOs, social work teams, devoting themselves to call for human rights equality, combat human trafficking, and rescue those people who have been enslaved. However, as business community, only a small group of firms engage in this issue, and fulfill their social responsibilities. Being the one of the most valuable companies in the world, App le, Inc should also pay attention to human trafficking problem, participate and put itsRead MoreApple Case Study : Apple s Competitive Advantage1258 Words   |  6 Pages APPLE CASE STUDY: Executive Summary: The report depicts globally recognized multinational technology company Apple. The first part of the report shows apple’s competitive advantage historically, it provides a detailed analysis about it’s plans , design and framework apple adopted and how they it changed when a new competition IBM entered. Furthermore, the report discusses the PC industry and what are were the major players in it, it also focuses on the shortcomings of the apple company whichRead MoreSap Essay712 Words   |  3 PagesSAP has teamed up with Apple. The two big worlds where at one end, Apple’s world-renowned user experiences and SAP’s unparalleled end-to-end business processes and software at the other end have successfully combined. As a result, the partnership opens up new opportunities, revolutionizing the entire digital experience for customers allowing numerous app development companies and developers to make a huge difference. â€Å"I believe what’s going to happen with the release of the SDK, and the continuedRead MoreReverse Mentoring For Apple Millennials1527 Words   |  7 Pages Reverse Mentoring for Apple Millennials Chenise Wade University of Maryland University College July 26, 2015 Chenise Wade 6465 Lexington Ave Norfolk, VA 23513 July 26, 2015 Denise Young Smith Apple 1 Infinite Loop Cupertino, CA 95014 Dear Mrs. Smith, Enclosed is the report entitled, â€Å"Reverse Mentoring for Apple Millennials,† which you summoned for the Board of Directors 16 Jul 2015 on developing an alternative mentoring program for the millennials of the company. The main findingsRead MoreProduct Pricing and Channels Paper1619 Words   |  7 Pagesmarket: The Apple Watch II features a sapphire crystal screen, increased water resistance, and kinetic battery technology. The use of a sapphire crystal screen isn’t considered that technology advanced, however, its crystal-clear transparency and hardness, second to a diamond, makes it an ideal product for display screens. This will help against scratches or possible cracking. The Apple Watch II will also have an increased water resistance from 30 meters up to 50 meters. The Apple Watch II is nowRead MoreApple1199 Words   |  5 PagesKerri Warenda John Duran Travis MacKenzie Erendira Franzen Apple INC. 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Famous Quotes from Botanist George Washington Carver

Good Vs Evil Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde - 1724 Words

Good Vs Evil â€Å"Magic, Mirror on the wall, who’s the fairest of them all?† the Snow White Queen questions the magic mirror in the classic fairytale Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (The Grimm Brothers). The Queen wants the mirror to proclaim that she is the fairest of them all; but instead the mirror hails Snow White. Then, the Queen transforms into a witch in order to be the fairest of them all, similar to the Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde transformation. Dr. Jekyll transforms to Mr. Hyde in order to change identities. Both stories, share the idea of dualism or the idea of being two different people and both characters, the Queen and Dr. Jekyll, have one side presenting good acts, and other side presenting evil acts. These stories are also similar because they both written in they are Victorian period, and share similar qualities of life. By analyzing both stories, one can conclude that the character of Dr. Jekyll in The Strange Incident of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was insp ired by the Queen character in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Before analyzing the characters of these classics, here is a summary of the fairytale, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. The story begins with Snow White singing and dancing in the forest in the birds. She meets prince charming having an immediate connection, with the prince. Meanwhile the stepmother, the current Queen of town, asks the mirror who is the fairest of them all the mirror states, Snow White. The Queen is appalled that she is no longerShow MoreRelatedEssay on Good vs Evil Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde1819 Words   |  8 Pagesare good or evil can shape one’s mindset and outlook on the actions they take themselves. Both have distinct strengths and weaknesses; however, the real question one must ask is which side of the spectrum is more capable of influencing humanity. In Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde written by Robert Louis Stevenson, a wealthy and well-respected doctor by the name of Henry Jekyll, who believes that man is not one but two separate people, constructs a potion wh ich unearths his inner evil (Mr. Edward Hyde), andRead MoreDr Jekyll And Mr Hyde Character Analysis1113 Words   |  5 PagesIn the spooky mysterious novel written by Robert Louis Stevenson we start our journey with the main character, Mr. Utterson, and his companion, Dr. Lanyon. The two men talk about their colleague Dr. Jekyll and this mysterious figure named Mr. Hyde. In doing this Stevenson introduces the four characters that prove to be pillars in the investigation and resolution of the book. Throughout the book we experience plenty of conflict between these four characters and society. Stevenson sets up the themeRead MoreDr Jekyll And Mr Hyde Analysis1320 Words   |  6 PagesIn The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, it is clear that the biggest theme of the story is the concept of good against evil. In the case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, the conflict exists within the same person. It is generally believed that this internal struggle exists in everyone, and that †Å"man is not truly one, but truly two.† It suggests that everyone has a dual personality , and a good and evil side exists in everyone. The struggle supposedly is usually a close fought battle that is closeRead MoreJekyll and Hyde Contrast Essay833 Words   |  4 PagesDr Jekyll and Mr. Hyde consists of reputation, good vs. evil and damage control. 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For example,Read MoreStrange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr Hyde1580 Words   |  6 PagesIn this book, there exist a battle between good and evil in the main characters where we are bound to ask ourselves what is superior between good and evil? Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde are easily seen as an allegory of the evil and good that exists in men. The book depicts the struggle with two sides of the human personality. Since Mr. Hyde seems to be taking over Dr. Jekyll, one could claim that evil is stronger than good. Nevertheless, Mr. Hyde ends up dead at the end of the story, which strongly showsRead MoreGood vs. Bad of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson932 Words   |  4 PagesGood vs. Bad of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde â€Å"Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde† is a novella written by Robert Louis Stevenson, a Scottish author. Written and published 1886, this novella reflects on the individual, and societal behavior during the Victorian era. During the Victorian era people, were supposed to behave like a normal person. Certain behaviors were highly restricted for example, showing evil. Instead, they were expected to give respect for everyone. People who acted out against the norm duringRead MoreIdeas Of Good And Evil Follow From The Earliest Of Days.847 Words   |  4 PagesIdeas of good and evil follow from the earliest of days. Robert Louis Stevenson’s parents lived devout in their Christianity, but Stevenson did not follow their ideas. G.B. Stern suggests that â€Å"Although he had rejected the Calvinist doctrines his parents taught him, the focus of the interplay of good and evil continued to influence his imagination† (Stern). Stevenson forced his parents away, but their ideas staye d in his thoughts and even affected The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. His pastRead More The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Essay514 Words   |  3 PagesThe Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Jekyll and Hyde was written by Robert Louis Stevenson during the Victorian era. This is significant because during this period, society is very different from today’s society. When looking at this novella it is also important to consider the ideas of good and evil in the characters of Jekyll and Hyde. During the Victorian era men were more powerful and the women had a lower ranking. The belief of society were such that people were covered completelyRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1945 Words   |  8 Pagesbattle of two wolves inside us all. One is evil. It is anger, jealousy, greed, resentment, lies, inferiority, and ego. The other is good. It is joy, peace, love, hope, humility, kindness, empathy, and truth. Which wolf wins? The one you feed. - Old Cherokee Proverb. This quote explains that within us all, there is the battle good and evil. It explains the duality of the human condition, and that we all have the potential to be very good, but also extremely evil, a concept that Robert Louis Stevenson

The Positivism in Mexico Free Essays

â€Å"Positivism in Mexico was primarily and educational philosophy. It tried to break away with the colonial mentality and bring an intellectual emancipation so the modern Mexican mind could step into the future, free from the shackles of obscurantism, superstition and face the truths of science, order and progress. † Evaluate this assessment of positivism in Mexico. We will write a custom essay sample on The Positivism in Mexico or any similar topic only for you Order Now How accurate is it? What does it mean by facing â€Å"the truths of science†? What kind of educational innovations did it argue for? The Positive (and Negative) Truth about Mexican Positivism as a 19th Century Mexican Educational Reform Philosophy The assertion that: â€Å"Positivism in Mexico was primarily an educational philosophy. It tried to break away with the colonial mentality and bring an intellectual emancipation so the modern Mexican mind could step into the future, free from the shackles of obscurantism, superstition and face the truths of science, order and progress† (no source) is an accurate one. Further, according to â€Å"Comparative Social Movements: Mexico and the United States†: The Mexican Positivists were a group of elite intellectuals and social scientists that provided guidance and advice to Porfirio Diaz, the dictator that controlled Mexico from 1878 through the eve of the Mexican Revolution in 1910. The cientificos [sic] emphasized the incorporation of Mexico into the modern world system. This was to be accomplished through suppression of the indigenous and mestizo [sic] aspects of he culture and promotion of Mexico’s â€Å"European† heritage. The combination of economic liberalization and political authoritarianism was the hallmark of Mexican Positivism. (December 16, 2002) Philosophies of the founder of sociology, Auguste Compte (â€Å"Sociological Positivism†; Auguste Compte), as applied to 19th century Mexican society, i. e. , Mexican Positivism, offered (or imposed, depending on one’s viewpoint) educational and other innovations in the later 19th century and earliest years of the 20th (â€Å"The Porfiriato, 1876-1910†). To those nationals who supported Mexican Positivism (and there were many), â€Å"The positivism of Auguste Comte promised progress, discipline, and morality, together with freedom from the tyranny of theology† (Hutto). Further, Mexican Positivism, derived as it was from Compte, emphasized the encouragement of, and a focus upon, scientific inquiry into ways of achieving national social progress measures, while still maintaining the established social order, e. g. , a cornerstone Comptean ideal (Marti, â€Å"Positivism and Human Values: The Quest for a Social Ideal†, March 26, 1994). Mexican Positivism also espoused empirical, as opposed to abstract, definitions of and goals for social progress; as well as systematic strategies and methods for (as we would call it today) the continual improvement of society, or â€Å"Total Quality Management (TQM)† (â€Å"Social Positivism†; â€Å"August Compte†; â€Å"Sociology†). Mexican-born social philosophers like Jose Vasconcelos and Antonio Caso, however, were comparatively abstract, non-scientific thinkers by comparison. They were, in that sense, both relatively non-Mexican Positivists; that is, each favored a more holistic, less systematic integration of philosophy, science, art, education into already inherent (instead of externally-imposed, European-based) social values (Salmeron; Marti; â€Å"Jose Vasconcelos†; â€Å"Antonio Caso†; â€Å"Auguste Compte†). Vasconcelos, for example, was â€Å"in favour [sic] of the education of the masses and oriented the nation’s education efforts along secular, civic, and pan-American (americanista) lines† (Wikipedia). Vasconcelos’s ideals included, according to Salmeron (p. 267), the concept of: a living experimentalism in which concur, each one in its own function, the data of the senses, the rules of reason, the projects of the will, all in a harmony which engenders love. The ambition to bring into concert all the resources by which consciousness disposes to relate itself to the world and to penetrate more profoundly its own depths [emphasis added]. As for Caso, who was in many ways (although in a more purely academic sense) (Salmoneda), echoed Vasconcelos’s ideological viewpoint: â€Å"Caso’s thought is a reaction against positivism, an affirmation of liberty, of Christian roots, based on the conviction that man is a spiritual reality which constitutes the culmination of nature. † (Salmoneda, p. 267) In comparison to Vasconcelos and Caso, Compte, the â€Å"Grandfather† (â€Å"Sociology†) of positivism as an integrated social philosophy (â€Å"Auguste Compte†) might have instead espoused the importance of a quantifiable â€Å"blueprint† for Mexican social progress and educational innovation. That, then, could then be empirically tested, and its results quantified and studied, e. g. , a â€Å"science of society† (â€Å"Auguste Compte†). This would represent a systematic approach to measuring all areas of societal progress (or the lack of it), including education. (Salmoneda; â€Å"Auguste Compte†; â€Å"Sociology†). Such an approach, Compte no doubt would argue, would help Mexico, a â€Å"backward† (i. e. non-European) nation, to now be able to â€Å"face the truths of science, order and progress† [whatever those were. They were most likely European truths, which Mexico and Mexicans, being â€Å"backward†, simply had not â€Å"caught on† to yet]. Mexican Positivism had an especially strong, active, and influential supporter in Gabino Barreda. Barreda clearly regarded Mexican Positivism much more favorably than did either Vasconcelos or Caso. Perhaps this was due to his own (Paris-acquired) scientific and medical training, as well as his privileged social background (â€Å"The Porfiriato, 1876-1910†³; Hutto; Marti. Positivism and Human Values: The Quest for a Social Ideal†, March 26, 1994). Barreda was an intellectual, with a predilection for outcomes based on logic; his major concern was the establishment of the sciences and logic as the basal philosophy of education. . . He considered positivist principles necessary in order to educate â€Å"a new elite to guide Mexico in the positive era† (Hale, 1989). Curriculum was defined as â€Å"the encyclopedic learning of the sciences in an ordered hierarchy† hat would establish an intellectual order capable of preventing anarchy in all its forms, and thereby lead to the moral regeneration of society (Hale, 1989). Mexican positivism, embodied in the slogan â€Å"order and progress,† was the backbone of the modernization scheme supported by the cientificos, intellectual followers of Barreda. Led by Jose Ives Limantour, who served as adviser to Diaz, the cientificos developed a plan for economic recovery that was to be carried out through the next twenty-seven years of the Porfiriato. (â€Å"The Porfiriato, 1876-1910†) Mexican Positivism, then, indeed â€Å"tried to break away with the colonial mentality and bring an intellectual emancipation so the modern Mexican mind could step into the future, free from the shackles of obscurantism, superstition and face the truths of science, order and progress† (no source). Since the impetus for it came from a European movement, though, rather than from one that sprang from within the movement itself, the efforts of Mexican Positivism were met with mixed enthusiasm within Mexico itself, and also with mixed results. How to cite The Positivism in Mexico, Papers The Positivism in Mexico Free Essays â€Å"Positivism in Mexico was primarily and educational philosophy. It tried to break away with the colonial mentality and bring an intellectual emancipation so the modern Mexican mind could step into the future, free from the shackles of obscurantism, superstition and face the truths of science, order and progress. † Evaluate this assessment of positivism in Mexico. We will write a custom essay sample on The Positivism in Mexico or any similar topic only for you Order Now How accurate is it? What does it mean by facing â€Å"the truths of science†? What kind of educational innovations did it argue for? The Positive (and Negative) Truth about Mexican Positivism as a 19th Century Mexican Educational Reform Philosophy The assertion that: â€Å"Positivism in Mexico was primarily an educational philosophy. It tried to break away with the colonial mentality and bring an intellectual emancipation so the modern Mexican mind could step into the future, free from the shackles of obscurantism, superstition and face the truths of science, order and progress† (no source) is an accurate one. Further, according to â€Å"Comparative Social Movements: Mexico and the United States†: The Mexican Positivists were a group of elite intellectuals and social scientists that provided guidance and advice to Porfirio Diaz, the dictator that controlled Mexico from 1878 through the eve of the Mexican Revolution in 1910. The cientificos [sic] emphasized the incorporation of Mexico into the modern world system. This was to be accomplished through suppression of the indigenous and mestizo [sic] aspects of he culture and promotion of Mexico’s â€Å"European† heritage. The combination of economic liberalization and political authoritarianism was the hallmark of Mexican Positivism. (December 16, 2002) Philosophies of the founder of sociology, Auguste Compte (â€Å"Sociological Positivism†; Auguste Compte), as applied to 19th century Mexican society, i. e. , Mexican Positivism, offered (or imposed, depending on one’s viewpoint) educational and other innovations in the later 19th century and earliest years of the 20th (â€Å"The Porfiriato, 1876-1910†). To those nationals who supported Mexican Positivism (and there were many), â€Å"The positivism of Auguste Comte promised progress, discipline, and morality, together with freedom from the tyranny of theology† (Hutto). Further, Mexican Positivism, derived as it was from Compte, emphasized the encouragement of, and a focus upon, scientific inquiry into ways of achieving national social progress measures, while still maintaining the established social order, e. . , a cornerstone Comptean ideal (Marti, â€Å"Positivism and Human Values: The Quest for a Social Ideal†, March 26, 1994). Mexican Positivism also espoused empirical, as opposed to abstract, definitions of and goals for social progress; as well as systematic strategies and methods for (as we would call it today) the continual improvement of society, or â€Å"Total Quality Management (TQM)† (â€Å"Social Positivism†; â€Å"August Compte†; â€Å"Sociology†). Mexican-born social philosophers like Jose Vasconcelos and Antonio Caso, however, were comparatively abstract, non-scientific thinkers by comparison. They were, in that sense, both relatively non-Mexican Positivists; that is, each favored a more holistic, less systematic integration of philosophy, science, art, education into already inherent (instead of externally-imposed, European-based) social values (Salmeron; Marti; â€Å"Jose Vasconcelos†; â€Å"Antonio Caso†; â€Å"Auguste Compte†). Vasconcelos, for example, was â€Å"in favour [sic] of the education of the masses and oriented the nation’s education efforts along secular, civic, and pan-American (americanista) lines† (Wikipedia). Vasconcelos’s ideals included, according to Salmeron (p. 267), the concept of: a living experimentalism in which concur, each one in its own function, the data of the senses, the rules of reason, the projects of the will, all in a harmony which engenders love. The ambition to bring into concert all the resources by which consciousness disposes to relate itself to the world and to penetrate more profoundly its own depths [emphasis added]. As for Caso, who was in many ways (although in a more purely academic sense) (Salmoneda), echoed Vasconcelos’s ideological viewpoint: â€Å"Caso’s thought is a reaction against positivism, an affirmation of liberty, of Christian roots, based on the conviction that man is a spiritual reality which constitutes the culmination of nature. † (Salmoneda, p. 67) In comparison to Vasconcelos and Caso, Compte, the â€Å"Grandfather† (â€Å"Sociology†) of positivism as an integrated social philosophy (â€Å"Auguste Compte†) might have instead espoused the importance of a quantifiable â€Å"blueprint† for Mexican social progress and educational innovation. That, then, could then be empirically tested, and its results quantified and studied, e. g. , a â€Å"science of society† (â€Å"Auguste Compte†). This would represent a systematic approach to measuring all areas of societal progress (or the lack of it), including education. Salmoneda; â€Å"Auguste Compte†; â€Å"Sociology†). Such an approach, Compte no doubt would argue, would help Mexico, a â€Å"backward† (i. e. non-European) nation, to now be able to â€Å"face the truths of science, order and progress† [whatever those were. They were most likely European truths, which Mexico and Mexicans, being â€Å"backward†, simply had not â€Å"caught on† to yet]. Mexican Positivism had an especially strong, active, and influential supporter in Gabino Barreda. Barreda clearly regarded Mexican Positivism much more favorably than did either Vasconcelos or Caso. Perhaps this was due to his own (Paris-acquired) scientific and medical training, as well as his privileged social background (â€Å"The Porfiriato, 1876-1910†³; Hutto; Marti. Positivism and Human Values: The Quest for a Social Ideal†, March 26, 1994). Barreda was an intellectual, with a predilection for outcomes based on logic; his major concern was the establishment of the sciences and logic as the basal philosophy of education. . . He considered positivist principles necessary in order to educate â€Å"a new elite to guide Mexico in the positive era† (Hale, 1989). Curriculum was defined as â€Å"the encyclopedic learning of the sciences in an ordered hierarchy† hat would establish an intellectual order capable of preventing anarchy in all its forms, and thereby lead to the moral regeneration of society (Hale, 1989). Mexican positivism, embodied in the slogan â€Å"order and progress,† was the backbone of the modernization scheme supported by the cientificos, intellectual followers of Barreda. Led by Jose Ives Limantour, who served as adviser to Diaz, the cientificos developed a plan for economic recovery that was to be carried out through the next twenty-seven years of the Porfiriato. â€Å"The Porfiriato, 1876-1910†) Mexican Positivism, then, indeed â€Å"tried to break away with the colonial mentality and bring an intellectual emancipation so the modern Mexican mind could step into the future, free from the shackles of obscurantism, superstition and face the truths of science, order and progress† (no source). Since the impetus for it came from a European movement, though, rather than from one that sprang from within the movement itself, the efforts of Mexican Positivism were met with mixed enthusiasm within Mexico itself, and also with mixed results. How to cite The Positivism in Mexico, Essay examples

Debate speech free essay sample

To my fellow students, to my worthy, Mr. Moderator and to the board of Judges, ladies and gentleman a pleasant morning. I am the second speaker of the affirmative who strongly believe on the proposition â€Å" Resolved that K-12 Education system be abolished† based on the following contentions to wit: First, K-12 curriculum is a proposal of government that would add two more years to the secondary or High School level. So therefore, we have 6 years in grade school and another 6 years on high school. K-12 education system implemented in our country is a bad idea for me. There are too many glaring factors and reasons on why this is a bad idea at this time. First, Poverty. THIS is the most glaring issue here and THIS is the most popular reason. Majority of the Filipinos are having a hard time in balancing the budget for primary needs of their families. How about those parents who can’t afford very high tuition fees that seemingly increase year after year? Some people are even fighting neck-to-neck with one another just to get their kids to schools that are perceived to give quality education. We will write a custom essay sample on Debate speech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Nowadays, it is very difficult to sustain quality education for a much younger member of the family. Second, Teacher’s Training and Interest. No matter how good the system is, it will just end up a failure if you are not putting the best and the most competitive. Given the current overall status of teachers in the Philippines, I think that they aren’t that prepared for an extended run. There is a positive side, because there will be more jobs generated for teachers. However, most of the teachers think that they deserve more than what they are currently being paid for. If a good teacher is just being paid at a low rate, then it is just another bad case of â€Å"Brain Drain†. Some of our teachers might just end up showing displeasure, and will find other ways to make a living instead. Furthermore, we will just continue to lose our best professionals trained in grassroots at a gradual rate. Then, Student’s Interest To Study. In a generation dominated by computer and online games, it is difficult to distinguish on whether students are actually reporting to classes or not. Despite the efforts of computer shops not allowing elementary and high school students during class hours, it seems that some rascals are finding ways on how they can have access to internet cafes just to play with one another. Some of our younger students may find learning disinteresting because they don’t like the subject or the teacher. Instead, they will just make some noise in the class by conversing with their classmates. Some students even don’t make their assignments on their own, and they â€Å"bully† or â€Å"pay† the smartest in their class by letting them do it. Some even cram to the max level days before the deadline of submission. Fourth, Private Schools Will Benefit†¦On the Business Side. We’re speaking about the money here. Some parents seem to complain about the meteorically rising prices of basic needs. Year by year, there has been an increase in tuition fees, especially in the â€Å"miscellaneous† ones. Schools and training centers not credited by DepEd such as home schooling institutions like Kumon might not benefit from their â€Å"business side† though. Imagine, thousands will pour in to their budget before a school year starts. Finally, F for Facilities I grade our educational facilities an F, and I can also think of many reasons. Here are the following: †¢Many schools have been washed away by typhoons. †¢Some schools are already prone to structural damages. Many schools even lack the basic facilities such as chalks, blackboard, etc. †¢Some families can’t even purchase textbooks and notebooks for children to use †¢The classroom-student ratio is at the ludicrously high 1:50. Some schools are even higher than that. It resulted into shortage of classrooms and lack of ventilation and proper spacing. †¢Some of our local textbooks might be misprinted and might contain wrong information. It can give our students a wrong perception about something that is discussed in class. †¢Some schools don’t comply to sanitary measures. Bathrooms aren’t clean enough for use. †¢Some school canteens lack supply of foods that keep children healthy. There are many problems in the Philippine education scene that needed much attention and long-term solutions first. Such problems are being addressed for a long time already. Build classrooms, improve teaching quality, renovate old schools, provide the necessary needs, or do whatever is needed to be accomplished in order for the quality of education to be restored. I’m not saying that K-12 system is totally a nixed idea, as it worked on our neighbouring countries. However, I strongly believe that K-12 will only work better if the overall quality of education here will be improved to a much competitive level first. The Philippine’s basic education is one of the shortest in Asia. Despite the short span of education, too many students are dropping out of school to help augment the family’s income. Poverty is seen as a major problem of the inability of Filipino students to finish a college degree. Adding two years in the basic education is considered additional burden by parents who are sending children to school. So once again ladies and gentleman I rest my case.